1. BACKGROUND
In 1994, the Working Group on Scientific Research, Technology Development and Train submitted a consulting report about the research, development and training of Cleaner Production (CP) in China during the third annual meeting of the China Council for International Corporation on Environment and Development (CCICED). T he report was given special attention by the experts and officers at the meeting and it was proposed to investigate the situation of CP in specific industries. The working group then chose several industries which are of significance in the economic development and pollution control in China, including the fertilizer industry, pesticide industry, coal industry and automobile industry, to thoroughly study the problems of CP in China. A series of reports were submitted. During the fifth annual meeting of CCICED in 1996, the Second Phase Regulated Program f or the Working Group of CCICED was formulated. Considering the significance of C P implementation to the sustainable development of China, and the great potential of implementing CP in different industries, it was decided to set up a working group on CP in the Second Phase of CCICED's work. Professor Qian Yi of Tsinghua University, and Dr. Katsuo Seiki, Executive Director of GISPRI, were appointed a s the directors of this wording group.
The first meeting of the working group was held from May 19-21, 1997, in Beijing. After extensive discussion, the working group formulated the working plan for the next four years. To propose policies and to build demonstration factories for the implementation of CP in Township-village Industrial Enterprises (TVIEs) and State-owned Enterprises (SOEs) were identified to be the priority work of the working group.
2. OBJECTIVES
The working group will investigate and conduct research into the feasibility of implementing CP in different industries (including TVIEs) in China, and will make comments and proposals on laws, plaices, management and technologies to the Chinese government for promoting CP implementation. In addition, knowledge of and experience with CP will be disseminated among decision-makers in government and enterprises to promote the implementation of CP in China.
3. CONTENTS
Industrial enterprises in China can be divided into large and medium-sized state owned enterprises (SOEs) and Township-village Industrial Enterprises (TVLEs).
In the last twenty years, TVIEs in China have developed rapidly and have played an important role in the national economy. However, the technologies and equipment of TVIEs are generally backwards compared with SOEs. Furthermore, in many TVIEs, the installation of pollution control was inadequate and therefore serious environment problems were created. Although the scale of TVIEs is small, they are found in very dispersed locations and this can make it difficult for them to build and operate pollution contra installations. However, the promotion of CP in TVIEs will have profound and significance effect on the environment, and this will lead to increased economic benefit and development for China.
The research of the working group could be divided into two phases. In the First Phase, the group's work will be focused on the feasibility and potential of implementing CP in TVIEs and policy recommendation related to CP implementation. In the Second Phase, the group's work will turn to policy recommendations and demonstration of the application of CP in SOEs.
3.1 Research Topics of the First Phase (1997-1998)
(1) Investigation and analysis of the current situation of TVIEs in China.
(i) Development of TVIEs and their role in the national economic development in China.
(ii) Environmental pollution problems accompanied with TVIEs.
(iii) Management and policy problems in TVIEs concerning environmental protection and sustainable development.
(iv) Potentials of implementing CP in key industrial sectors in TVIEs.
(2) Analysis of feasibility and obstacles in implementing CP in China.
(i) Needs of implementing CP in key sectors in TVIEs.
(ii) Available experiences of CP implementation in TVIEs of China.
(iii) Obstacles in implementing CP at different administrative levels in China.
(3) Advanced experience of CP implementation abroad.
(i) Advanced technology and related policies for implementing CP in foreign countries.
(ii) Methodology of implementing advanced experience from abroad in China.
(4) Policy recommendation to Chinese Government for implementing CP in TVIEs.
(i) Recommendation on policies for implementing CP at different administration levels.
(5) Demonstration for the application of policy recommendation to typical district or industrial sector for case study.
3.2 Research Topics of the Second Phase (1999-2000)
(1) Current situation of environment pollution control in large and medium-sized SOEs in China.
(2) Experience of the CP implementation projects sponsored by NEPA, UNEP and World Bank.
(3) Policy recommendation for implementing CP in China to government agencies at different levels.
(4) Demonstration for the application of policy recommendation to implement CP in SOEs of China.
4. SCHEDULE
4.1 The working plan for the Working Group on CP of CCICED will be submitted to the Council Meeting in September 1997.
4.2 The working group will investigate and research the promotion of CP in TVIEs in China from October 1997 to January 1998. The second meeting of the working group will be held in January 1998 to discuss and summarise the results of their investigations concerning the implementation of CP in TVIEs. The content of the First Phase research report will be discussed.
4.3 The working group will prepare policy recommendations and finish the First Phase research report from February 1998 to May 1998. The third meeting of the working group will be held in May 1998 to discuss the final report of the First Phase and the policy recommendations to the Chinese Government.
4.4 The report and policy recommendations for implementing CP in TVIEs will be finalized and submitted to the Council meeting in August 1998. A detailed working schedule for the Second Phase (1999-2000) will be decided at that same time.
4.5 Research on the application and demonstration of CP in SOEs will be carried on from September 1998 to August 2000, and the final research report of the working group will be draw up at this same time. One or two seminars will be held to disseminate knowledge and experience of CP to policy-makers and engineers in related areas and disciplines.
5. OUTPUT
The output of the working group will include three reports:
(1) A phase report concerning the feasibility and policy recommendations for implementing CP in TVIEs in China, which will be submitted to the Council by August 1998.
(2) A phase report concerning the implementation and policy recommendations of C P in SOEs, which will be submitted to the Council by August 1999.
(3) A final report concerning policy recommendations for promoting CP in China, which will be submitted to the Council by August 2000.
6. EXPENSES
According to the preliminary estimate, it will require 4.5 million RMB to carry on the working plan (including the expenses for foreign experts).
The budget mainly includes following aspects:
(1) Investigation Fee 2 million RMB
(Including expenses of foreign experts)
(2) Purchase of Equipment 0.4 million RMB
(3) Reference Material 0.3 million RMB
(4) Expenses for the Working Group Meeting 0.7 million RMB
(Including expenses of foreign experts)
(5) Consulting and Personal Service Fee 0.4 million RMB
(Including expenses of foreign experts)
(6) Seminars of CP 0.5 million RMB
(7) Other expenses 0.2 million RMB
(8) Total 4.5 million RMB
